American Board of Surgery Qualifying Exam (ABS QE) Practice Test

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What is the role of V3 receptors in vasopressin action?

  1. Arterial constriction

  2. Increased water permeability in the collecting ducts

  3. Release of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor

  4. Decreased vascular resistance

The correct answer is: Release of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor

The role of V3 receptors, which are also known as V1b receptors, is primarily associated with the release of coagulation factors in response to vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). When vasopressin binds to V3 receptors located in the pituitary gland, it stimulates the release of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor into the circulation. These factors play crucial roles in hemostasis by promoting platelet adhesion and the clotting process, particularly under conditions of vascular injury or increased bleeding. While vasopressin is well-known for its role in water retention through V2 receptors in the collecting ducts of the kidneys, which increases water permeability and concentration of urine, that's not the function attributed to V3 receptors. Similarly, the actions of arterial constriction and decreased vascular resistance are related to V1 receptors but not specifically to the V3 receptors. Thus, identifying the accurate physiological role of V3 receptors emphasizes their importance in hemostasis through the release of these coagulation factors.

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